RELIGION - 5th COURSE - THE CATHOLIC MORAL - Ed. Luis Vives.
Lesson 22
SEVENTH AND TENTH COMMANDMENTS
Do not steal - Do not covet the goods of others.
(A home-made translation with my comments in [ ]).
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259. What is commanded in these commandments.- With these two commandments God commands us to respect the right of our neighbor to the goods of wealth, and to observe justice in everything that concerns the property of others. Their fulfillment is the safeguard of justice and of the right to property, and the foundation of social order, peace, and work.
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It also involves the obligation to pay debts, to give fair wages to workers, to inquire who the owner is of what has been found, and - in case of infringement - to restore as soon as possible what has been stolen and to repair the violate rights and the damages caused.
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The Tenth Commandment commands, moreover, that each one be content with the state in which God has placed him and suffer poverty with patience and resignation, when the Lord wills him in that state.
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"The Christian can be content, even if he is in a state of poverty, considering what a supreme good is a pure and tranquil conscience; that our true homeland is Heaven and that Jesus Christ became poor for our love and has promised a special reward to those who bear poverty with patience" (V. Muzzatti).
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[These 3 points that follow are so legalistic, and one would say that it is good that these laws exist, that clearly establish rights against ideologies such as communism. But good laws are useless if society is not united to Christ. The Constitution of Argentina, it is 2021 now, forbids abortion but the children of the devil approve whatever they want, it is a society that pretends to be Catholic, but they are 99% liars. The misfortunes that are coming to our Occidental and Christian Civilization can only be stopped with true sanctity of each one of us.
"I am the vine: you the branches: he that abides in me, and I in him, the same bears much fruit: for without Me you can do nothing. If anyone abides not in Me, he shall be cast forth as a branch, and shall wither, and they shall gather him up, and cast him into the fire, and he burns." (Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint John 15:5-6)].
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260. Justice, its object and its kinds.-
Justice - in the strict sense - is the moral virtue that inclines us to give to each one his due.
The object of justice is called Right, in the strict sense; and it is what for some reason is due to another for his use.
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There are three kinds of justice: commutative, distributive, and legal. Some admit vindictive justice, but this is reduced to distributive and legal. Here we are interested in commutative justice, that is, that which inclines us to respect the rights of others.
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Distributive justice induces rulers to distribute jobs and burdens equitably among citizens. Legal justice inclines citizens to obey the laws of the Nation, in attention to the common good, and obliges legislators to give just laws. Vindictive justice obliges the judge to punish the offender according to his guilt, and the offender to repair the injustices committed by the means that the legitimate authority orders.
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There is also social justice, which regulates the relations between employers and workers insofar as they are bound to a guild, profession, or trade, and requires of each what is necessary for the common good.
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261. Right is the moral and inviolable faculty of a person to do, possess or demand something. In a passive sense it means what is just; and considered actively, it is equivalent to dominion.
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The object of the right is man himself: his life, the preservation of his limbs, his dignity, his freedom; or everything that belongs to him outside himself: property, honor, esteem, etc.
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There are two main categories of right: in the thing (in re), and to the thing (ad rem). The first gives perfect dominion; the second, imperfect.
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The right in the thing is the legitimate power that one has over an object of his or over an acquired thing: it is the perfect dominion or real dominion of the thing.
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The right to the thing is the legitimate power that a person has so that a thing becomes his, either because it has been promised to him, or by gambling or otherwise; for example, an inheritance.
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262. Right of ownership: The right of ownership or dominion consists in the legitimate power to dispose of an object as one's own, within the limits of human and divine laws. It is the complete free use of one's own material goods, with the power to not allow another to use them.
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The object of the right of ownership is the property which, in fact or in law, belongs exclusively to a person.
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Unrestricted property by any human law has three characteristics: 1º, the owner can enjoy it entirely; 2º, no one can hinder his enjoyment; 3º, he can sell, consume or bequeath the object he owns.
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Divine Law, however, forbids the owner to abuse or use his own goods as he pleases, because if wealth has an individual and proximate end in favor of the one who possesses it, it also has a social and remote end in favor of the needy; for the rich are only the administrators of the goods that God gives them, and thus they are not permitted to spend them on immoderate luxuries and sinful acts, while there are so many needy in society (Leo XIII and Pius XI).
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263. Origin of the right of property: The right of property has a divine origin and is a sacred thing. It is as old as man. God granted it to our first parents when He said: "Fill the earth; subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over everything that lives and moves upon the earth" (Gen. I, 28).
This dominion is a natural consequence of the right to life, and is necessary for everyone to be able to take care of his own and domestic needs.
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Precisely because the right of ownership is something sacred and necessary, God protects it with no less than two Commandments: the Seventh and the Tenth, as if in advance, to safeguard it better, prohibiting even illicit desires and covetousness.
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In the field of dominion, or the right to property, there are two antagonistic schools: the Catholic and the anti-Christian.
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264. Catholic doctrine on the right of property: The right of property is a reality: all men are capable of, at least, radical dominion. Evident proof of this are the two Commandments that God has established to make it be observed.
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The Catholic doctrine [about property] is based mainly on the following fundamental truths:
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God is the only true and absolute Lord of all things, because He alone created them and preserves them: "The earth is the Lord's and the fullness thereof: the world, and all they that dwell therein." (Psalm XXIII, 1). Man can be master only to the extent that He allows him to be, as He did with Adam and Eve: "Have dominion over all that lives and moves upon the earth" (Gen., I, 28).
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[The true verse of Genesis 1, 28 says: And God blessed them and said to them: "Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over every living thing that moves upon the earth". He did not say ALL THAT LIVES AND MOVES ON THE EARTH. So: no dominion over humans, we are not just living things. Beware of making in vitro fertilized children. Examine the Messages of Our Lady of the Roses. A shortened version of them, with errors: www.tldm.org
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Update 3 days later:
I know what happens: I copy a true verse of my Bible and the translator translates it right (or not) and when I copy it in my document… it is always changed to “every living thing”!!!! No matter if it is from my Bible or any other good version… the words are always changed to “have dominion… over every living thing”
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But my Bible says: “Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over every animal that bustles upon the earth”
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Another good version in Spanish says: “Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over all the animals that move upon the earth”
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It is clear that humans are not animals although science includes us in the animal “kingdom”.
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But in internet we find:
Douay Rheims: “And God blessed them, saying: Increase and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it, and rule over the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the air, and all living creatures that move upon the earth.” It is clearly wrong.
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Christian standard Bible: “God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Rule the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, and every creature that crawls on the earth.” That version is dangerous and we know that it is wrong because it excludes all (animal) mammals. It is dangerous because, if a human is crawling due to an illness or because that person is begging? Besides, when they start killing in abortions… then they will not stop, so… dominion over a baby child sounds bad too.
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Complete Yewish Bible: “God blessed them: God said to them, “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the sea, the birds in the air and every living creature that crawls on the earth.” The same problem.
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Geneva Bible 1599: “28 And God [a]blessed them, and God said to them, Bring forth fruit, and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it, and rule over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the heaven, and over every beast that moveth upon the earth.” Heaven???]
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2ª Man can be the owner with respect to other men, since nothing is opposed to it (Encyclical Rerum Novarum). Thus, the master who pays his servant is the owner of his services; and this is not forbidden by God, nor is it repugnant to man, nor to his honor. Every man is master of his works and can alienate them for a time or forever. But let it be well understood that it is not a question here of the ownership of property, but of the ownership of utility. [This needs a very fine work on it to end up sounding good].
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By natural law, every man who, by legitimate means, makes any property his own, acquires an inviolable right over it. Sacred Scripture confirms this: "Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's property..., neither his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is his" (Ex., XX, 15 and 17).
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There are, in addition, other general principles very common for their application: for example, these three: Things cry out for their owner, they bear fruit for their owner, and they perish for their owner; that is to say, that a thing that is not in the possession of its owner must return to his hands; that he who is the owner of a thing is also the owner of what he produces, and that if a thing perishes, the owner loses it and can claim nothing, unless it perishes through the fault of another, in which case the guilty party must repair the damage.
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[Remember that everything belongs to God, even the mentioned owners, and that everything must be used for the glory of God.]
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It is not licit to enrich oneself with other people's things, against the justified will of the owner.
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"For the extremists, the only truly effective measure (to solve the social question) is that of expropriation; which takes out of the hands of the bosses, to put it in those of the State, the productive instrument of which they abuse. It is a pseudo-remedy which, although it punishes the exploiters, leaves the exploited where and as they were, or still worse.
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The more sensible (rulers) follow other paths. They do not seek to destroy private enterprise, which they consider indispensable, but to transform it gradually, through various reforms that lead the workers to effective participation and responsibility in the productive process. Catholics are moving in this direction" (J. Goenaga).
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[It seems to me that last paragraph was introduced by someone of the synagogue of satan (communists), it is another slip in this chapter. If the owner of a company commands, he commands, and the rest obey, period. And workers must have the freedom to leave and be chosen in another company according to their capacities (and not to suffer that the subordinates of the other owner choose only their gangster and useless co-religionists for the jobs, who on top of that, they are hired by those subordinates to make the owner's company to go bankrupt so that another individual belonging to that gangster community buys it for small change].
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Until now, "no one has presented a social program that surpasses the Doctrine of the Church. (Pius XII).
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[Do not store up treasures on earth, where moth and rust make them disappear and where thieves pierce the walls and steal; but store up treasures in Heaven, where neither moth nor rust makes them disappear and where thieves do not pierce the walls and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be" (Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Matthew 6:19-21).
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Reading this chapter of catechesis written by someone very interested in property, it seems that we are left with a thirst for the Doctrine of the Church. In any case, satanists justify themselves in the distortions they make of the words of the Gospel in order to rob us, e.g., if we have two equal things, they will surely rob one to us saying: "let him give one to the one who has none", and if we have something red... they think that it belongs to them and, if it is a red box: whatever it may contain].
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265. Anti-Christian theories concerning property.- socialist and communist theories are anti-Christian and enemies of the right to property. To attain their end, Communists opt for the most violent means, while Socialists soften and moderate them in some way so as not to exacerbate tempers too much, but both Communists and Socialists arrive at the same thing: the complete abolition of private property and the formation of a common patrimony to be administered by the municipalities of the State, so that all distinction between rich and poor may disappear.
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Both systems are unjust, absurd, false, impious, disastrous and extremely harmful to society.
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a) They are unjust because, according to them, the present owners would have to be deprived of the lands and goods that they acquired with so much toil and sweat, or that they received from their parents and grandparents as a sacred inheritance full of pleasant family memories.
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[The children of the devil and those brought from Pakistan in the year 1500 to the Iberian Peninsula to do the work for them… (I’m talking about gypsies, taken to Spain 8 years after the Discovering of America, synagogue of satan needed workers, that were taken to our civilization and ended here pretending to be Catholics and infiltrated the Church and our families), those workers to make robbery, traffic of persons, pervertion and satanism, think, as well as their masters, that every place where they step on it belongs to them, and therefore they do not steal because they say "what is inherited is not stolen". God will not condescend to argue with them, simply, in a moment, He will sink all the continents, with them and their footsteps. They also do not understand Ezekiel 34 so they think that they are men and we are sheep, therefore that they can take away our wool, lambs etc.
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"To be exact we would have to say that gypsies arrived in these lands before Spain was Spain. For the first reliable data date back to the 15th century, when both Castile and Aragon were astonished by the arrival of a series of families that were completely exotic for the time and whose identity is not entirely clear". Obviously, manpower was needed to conquer America from below, to betray just laws made for indigenous people… the conquest of darkness within the Conquest. The most horrible sons of the devil and their "under" servants left Spain and Spain had its Golden Age. "Thus, the pragmatic of Madrid of 1499 forced them to abandon the nomadic life. The legislation gave the gypsies a period of two months for their integration". They didn’t do that… Synagogue of satan brought gypsies, they both created nazis and now they all are promoting communism trough socialism.
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So, they introduced Muslims to invade the Peninsula in 711 without fighting, 8 centuries to get ride of those infidels…, immediately they introduced gypsies, they created communism… that existed long before 1917, for example the regime of terror of the French revolution, and to introduce it in Spain they managed to get to the government twice: in 1820 by an anti Catholic revolution; and in 1931 Socialists were elected and they started to kill Catholics just because of being true, peaceful, Catholics, so, civil war in Spain started, 1934, and socialists called (as usually) people from abroad to keep their murderous regime. Their song is called “The international”. Thanks to God, they lost. But they knew that Faith, morals… true Catholics defeat them… that is why they have been changing us by clones in the last 100 years and we have not true elders, not true priests, not true families… we have been educated by the box of satan and now, children’s souls are being killed at schools… “legally”.]
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b) They are absurd and impossible to put into practice, since it would be necessary for all men to have equal talent, science, and virtue; equal health, strength, and robustness; equal industriousness and spirit of economy. How would the dumb and the clever, the wise and the ignorant, the hard-working and the lazy, the saintly and the vicious be equal? Human society needs different social classes: some to command and others to obey, some to teach and others to learn. Each one must occupy his place according to his capacity, and among all there must be union and mutual help.
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[We already know how they want to equalize "saints and vices": forcing families to take their children to school to be perverted; "the wise and the ignorant": destroying the curricula of universities and colleges as they did in Argentina, and hiring people from their collectivity to teach classes whose content they ignore and giving "outstanding" notes to the donkeys of their collectivity; "wise and lazy" here it was always said that if someone stands out a little bit "they shoot him to kill him"; "some to command, others to obey": already most of people are clones without preparation or baggage of life experience, who were put in key positions (say in the Church, or in the State, in Education or clones infiltrated in families) to do the putrid will of the group called: one world planners.]
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c) They are false because their theories are contrary to natural law, and because work is not the only means to acquire dominion, as socialists and communists claim.
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[It is not even that, because in communism, all (except a very small group) work as slaves in change for a miserable subsistence, they do not even acquire dominion. Most people have disappeared here, and if someone died and there is a true heir (not a clone, clones are all actually slaves) state clerks (most are gypsies, clones, that is: slaves) they deny that person his rights].
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d) They are impious, since they deny the providence of God in the government of mankind, and pretend to know more than He does by pretending to overthrow the order established by His divine Wisdom.
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e) They are disastrous and extremely harmful to society, as has been seen where they made attempts, and, unfortunately it is still verifiable in the Soviet Socialist Republics of Russia and its like-minded, which are subjugated under the iron rule of slavery.
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When the incentive of remunerative work and wealth improvement are gone, everyone tries to do as little as possible, and even forcing himself, for fear of the whip: it is a slave regime. Even the most industrious ones, with such a system, would follow the law of the least effort. The people would work… and the distributors would get the best part of the fruits of their labors. It would be an effective means of bringing about universal misery, as is the case in Russia, where hunger and the most dreadful misery have caused millions of victims.
[It is a system condemned from the beginning and its branches are idiot, e.g. I read that after Gorbachev, a man who had some money, bought his son a bicycle in a Russian village. The neighbors immediately destroyed it with blows because "he had more than the others", so they not only start with "all must be slaves of the regime to have their miserable bad living" but they end believing that "no one must have more than others” (except the “ruling others" that used to buy diamond collars for their dogs…doesn’t it sound to you to Arab? And they kept envying the West for the movies they watched about the way of living in America and then they started to infiltrate their sins first (feminism, divorce, abortion, homosexuality) and when the society is rotten in the basis, which is the spirit, they already force us to accept laws contrary to the morals, Constitution, etc. It is necessary to recover sanctity according to the Holy Tradition and to be faithful to God (not to traitors, no matter the consequences) by remaining in the Church.
Read the Messages of Our Lady of the Roses: May 13, 1978 and August 15, 1971]
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266. Advantages and convenience of property.- Property is not a theft, as socialists proclaim, but is a right of the people. The authority of a nation can, of course, proceed equitably, by means of compensation, to a new division of large properties and large estates, if the common good demands it, since small properties are advantageous for society; because the landowner cultivates his own with greater care and application than that of others, and because of the useful and delightful enjoyment of his work. The division of property stimulates the activities and the wit industriousness, for the benefits it promises, and favors the good agreement among the citizens.
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[In the past, there were anti-monopoly laws, now all the big companies eat up the small and medium-sized ones, and on top of that, from neighboring countries they shallow up those of the other country. Commerce is now a world-wide monster that produces goods of bad quality, or poisonous to health and they don't care, because there is no competition, and as they do not fear God, they do not make good laws or they do not respect the good old laws. If you do not use the Sacramentals told by Our Lady of the Roses, and truly obey Her, you as people and individuals, will also be swallowed up by the “cloning machinery”.]
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267. Ways of acquiring ownership: The right to ownership, or dominion of a thing, can be acquired in various ways:
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1º By mere occupation, with the intention of acquiring it for oneself, when the thing does not belong to anyone, neither its acquisition is forbidden by any law, since no right is violated, and the right that God has given to man is used.
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2º By invention or discovery of any treasure hidden since remote time, without memory of its owner; of things lost involuntarily by their owner, when it is unknown who he is, or there is no means of finding him [now there is the office of lost things]; and of vacant goods, originating from an intestate owner and lacking legitimate heirs, in accordance with the law.
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3º By prescription. Of his and in conscience, against a true right there is never prescription; but the positive law of each nation sets a time limit, after which the thing remains in the quiet possession of the one who began to enjoy it in good faith, or is freed from an obligation. Canon Law recognizes it in the internal forum, when it is according to all the legal conditions.
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4º By accession, that is, when from one possession of the owner proceeds another one, or another is added to it, which can happen by birth (lambs, trees, etc.), by slow, but not sudden, alluvium; by adjunction, if a river adds land to a property, etc.
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5º By contract or agreement between two or more persons, such as purchases, donations, exchanges, etc.
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6º By work or personal activity that gives the right to a salary; or when artistic, industrial, intellectual property, etc., is acquired.
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7º By succession, by means of which a person inherits or collects the goods or rights of a deceased person.
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268. Practical Lesson.- Blessed are the poor in spirit, says Jesus Christ, for theirs is the kingdom of Heaven (St. Matt., V, 3). A rich man can be very poor in spirit; that is why God does not forbid the possession of riches. What He does not want is that we should cling to them, but that we should use them for His glory and service, and for our salvation. The rich man is the steward of Providence; from what he has received he must distribute among the needy, according to the advice [only "advice"??] of Jesus Christ: "Make friends for yourselves with the wealth of iniquity, so that when you lack it, they may receive you into the eternal dwellings" (Lk. 16:9). "The hand of the poor is the treasury of God."
[Treasury of the Temple: Place where the alms, revenues and riches of the Temple of Jerusalem were collected. The Church made hospitals and Saints cured the poor, sometimes sucking the pestilential sores when no one wanted to do that work. The first mega-hospital where the sick were in separate wards according to their different affections was made by St. Basil, OBVIOUSLY CATHOLIC bishop of Caesarea (330-379), the so "grateful" people, happy that someone would cure their sick that they did not want to take care of, called it "The Basiliad". And the children of the devil who enjoyed the efforts of the Catholics to build the best of this civilization, in an electronic encyclopedia that begins with Wikip... they name him as a saint of the Greek church, founding father of the Orthodox, Cappadocian father and at the end... "also" as Saint and Doctor of the Catholic Church and they do not forget to mention that he is in the calendar of the Lutherans !!!!, heretics stole Church and Catholic people’s properties, they left the Church and they pretend that Saints that were completely loyal to Catholic Doctrine are “their fathers” or “their Saints”. It is that, when someone betrays a single Commandment, he betrays all of them, Saint Francis of Assisi says.]